Al Capone's story spans Brooklyn street corners, Cicero's captured elections, the St. Valentine's Day Massacre, and a federal tax case that ended the most powerful gangster in America. This chapter traces the full arc — the empire built on corruption, and the quiet IRS briefcase that brought it all down.
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Most people picture Eliot Ness as the man who brought down Al Capone. Clean-cut federal agent.
Alphonse Capone was born in eighteen ninety-nine in Brooklyn, New York, to Italian immigrant parents. He was expelled from school at fourteen.
Prohibition had handed organized crime a business model that was, in practical terms, almost impossible to fail. The Eighteenth Amendment made alcohol illegal in nineteen twenty.
Torrio left Chicago in nineteen twenty-five. An assassination attempt had left him badly wounded, and he made the calculation that survival mattered more than the empire.
Eliot Ness entered the picture formally in nineteen thirty. He was a federal Prohibition agent, twenty-six years old, and he assembled a small team of investigators who became known as the Untouchables, a name that referred to their resistance to bribery.
The IRS had been building its case quietly while Ness was making headlines. The approach was straightforward in theory, and almost no one in the underworld took it seriously.
Capone went first to the federal penitentiary in Atlanta. His early pattern held.
Coming back to the opening question, what did the Untouchables actually accomplish, the honest answer is more complicated than either the legend or its debunkers tend to admit. Ness didn't convict Capone.
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