The CIA: Cold War Operations · 5 Jul 2026 · 12 min

Make the Economy Scream: Chile, 1970–1973

Salvador Allende won a free election — so the CIA set about destroying him anyway. This is the full story of Track One, Track Two, and the coup that brought Pinochet to power.

The CIA: Cold War Operations
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Make the Economy Scream: Chile, 1970–1973

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What's covered

The Question Nobody Asked

Here's what's genuinely difficult about Chile. Salvador Allende won a free election.

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Track One and Track Two

September nineteen seventy. Allende wins Chile's presidential election with just under thirty-seven percent of the vote in a three-way race.

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The Architecture of Destabilization

Allende took office in November nineteen seventy. What followed over the next three years was a sustained and coordinated effort by the United States to make his government fail.

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The Generals Move

By the middle of nineteen seventy-three, elements of the Chilean military were in active contact with the CIA. The agency's station chief in Santiago was running a network that included military officers, political figures, and business leaders who wanted Allende gone.

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What Followed

Pinochet moved fast. Within hours of the coup, stadiums were converted into detention centers.

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Congress Responds

The Chile operation didn't stay hidden. It came apart in stages through nineteen seventy-four and nineteen seventy-five.

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The Pattern and What It Means

Chile nineteen seventy-three sits in a specific line of cases in this series. Iran in nineteen fifty-three.

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The Record

What declassified documents show is a programme that was deliberate, sustained, and understood at the time to be operating outside normal channels. Nixon's instructions to Helms were clear.

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